Freedom Index

A Legislative Scorecard Based on the Principles of the U.S. Constitution

Votes


Reducing the Individual Income Tax  |  SB1577

SB1577 would direct the Arizona Department of Revenue to reduce the individual income tax rate by 50% of the structural surplus for each taxable year beginning with TY 2024.

The House failed to pass SB1577 on June 12, 2023, by a vote of 29 to 31. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because the income tax is an immoral, anti-constitutional act of government-imposed theft that takes from citizens the wages they have rightfully earned. It disparages the principles of both the Bill of Rights and the 14th Amendment, which were intended to safeguard “private property” and guarantee “equal protection of the laws” for all Americans.

Extending Government Health Care  |  HB2826

HB2826 continues the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System—the state’s Medicaid program—through January 1, 2029.  

The Senate passed HB2826 on May 15, 2023, by a vote of 22 to 6. We have assigned pluses to the nays because neither health care nor social welfare is the legitimate object of government. Medicaid, like other so-called ‘entitlement programs,’ not only relies on the discriminatory and unjust use of other citizens’ taxpayer funds in violation of the Bill of Rights and 14th Amendment, but continues to cause more debt, poverty, and government dependency in the United States.

Divesting from Abortion and Sexually Explicit Material  |  SB1146

SB1146 would require the State Treasurer to divest from organizations that promote, facilitate, or advocate abortions for minors or the inclusion of sexually explicit material in grades K-12.

The House passed SB1146 on May 15, 2023, by a vote of 31 to 27, prior to it being vetoed by the Governor. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because parents have the right—which the government has a duty to uphold—to protect their children from elicitation by abortion providers, as well as from exposure to other forms of obscene, indecent, or profane activity. This right is retained under and guaranteed by the 9th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.  

Extending Government Health Care  |  HB2826

HB2826 continues the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System—the state’s Medicaid program—through January 1, 2029.  

The House passed HB2826 on May 10, 2023, by a vote of 56 to 3. We have assigned pluses to the nays because neither health care nor social welfare is the legitimate object of government. Medicaid, like other so-called ‘entitlement programs,’ not only relies on the discriminatory and unjust use of other citizens’ taxpayer funds in violation of the Bill of Rights and 14th Amendment, but continues to cause more debt, poverty, and government dependency in the United States.

Increasing “Basic State Aid” for K-12 Schools  |  SB1729

SB1729 increases the “Basic State Aid” for K-12 education in FY 2024 to support various government-sponsored programs, such as the “federal Free-and-Reduced Lunch Program” and “county jail education programs.”       

The Senate passed SB1729 on May 10, 2023, by a vote of 25 to 5. We have assigned pluses to the nays because education ought not to be under the control of the state. A child’s education is the responsibility of—and a fundamental right of choice retained by—his or her parents. Forcing the citizens of Arizona to furnish taxpayer money to expand a compulsory, failing, and government-run K-12 school system violates their individual liberties guaranteed by the Bill of Rights. 

Increasing “Basic State Aid” for K-12 Schools  |  SB1729

SB1729 increases the “Basic State Aid” for K-12 education in FY 2024 to support various government-sponsored programs, such as the “federal Free-and-Reduced Lunch Program” and “county jail education programs.”       

The House passed SB1729 on May 10, 2023, by a vote of 43 to 16. We have assigned pluses to the nays because education ought not to be under the control of the state. A child’s education is the responsibility of—and a fundamental right of choice retained by—his or her parents. Forcing the citizens of Arizona to furnish taxpayer money to expand a compulsory, failing, and government-run K-12 school system violates their individual liberties guaranteed by the Bill of Rights. 

Article V Convention: Term Limits  |  HCR2016

HCR2016 would apply to Congress to “call a convention limited to proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to set a limit on the number of terms a person may be elected as a Member of the United States House of Representatives and as a Member of the United States Senate.”

The House failed to pass HCR2016 on April 11, 2023, by a vote of 26 to 31. We have assigned pluses to the nays because term limits conflict with the right of the American people to choose their representatives. Moreover, the States should act immediately to nullify all unconstitutional federal laws, rather than risk a constitutional convention. Article V of the U.S. Constitution was designed to correct potential errors or defects in the Constitution, not the failure of elected officials to uphold their oath of office.

Prohibiting Ranked-Choice Voting  |  HB2552

HB2552 would prohibit the use of Ranked-Choice Voting (RCV) in Arizona elections.  

The Senate passed HB2552 on April 5, 2023, by vote of 16 to 14. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because all attempts to enact ranked-choice voting should be opposed. This complicated, multiple-round, and unconstitutional method weakens election integrity by allowing a candidate to potentially win without genuine support from a plurality of voters. The scheme’s ballot casting requirements undermine each citizen’s right to vote and could deny them from being able to select the one and only candidate of their choice.

Defending the National Guard  |  SB1367

SB1367 would prevent the National Guard of Arizona from being deployed for active duty combat unless the Congress has passed an official declaration of war or taken another official constitutional action.

The Senate passed SB1367 on March 21, 2023, by a vote of 16 to 13. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because Article I, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution expressly asserts that “Congress,” not the President, “shall have power…to provide for the common defence.” Only Congress, as explained and limited by succeeding Clauses 11, 12, and 15, is granted the specified powers to “declare war,” “raise and support Armies,” and “provide for calling forth the Militia.”

Banning a Central Bank Digital Currency  |  SB1144

SB1114 would have banned the use of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in Arizona.

The Senate passed SB1114 on February 28, 2023, by a vote of 16 to 14. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) would be an unconstitutional and intolerable expansion of tyranny under the Federal Reserve—presenting a significant danger to Americans’ civil liberties. According to Article 1, Section 10, of the U.S. Constitution, “No State shall…make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts.” States can and must act now to avow their adherence to constitutionally sound money.

Protecting Infants Born Alive  |  SB1600

SB1600 would require any health professional present when an infant is born alive, including during an abortion, to take all medically appropriate actions to preserve the life and health of the infant born alive.

The Senate passed SB1600 on February 22, 2023, by a vote of 16 to 13, prior to it being vetoed by the Governor. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because this bill would treat an infant born alive as a “legal person with rights under Arizona laws.” Arizona should act to ban the practice of abortion entirely and secure the right to life for all persons. The right to life is the most fundamental, God-given, and unalienable right asserted in the Declaration of Independence and protected by the Fifth and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

Nullifying Federal Gun Control Measures  |  HB2394

HB2394 would clarify that federal gun control measures that may not be enforced if inconsistent with Arizona law include certain taxes “expected to create a chilling effect” on the purchase or ownership of firearms, firearm accessories, or ammunition.  

The House passed HB2394 on February 21, 2023, by a vote of 31 to 29, prior to it being vetoed by the Governor. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees that the right of the American people “to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” Whenever the federal government assumes power to impose blatantly unconstitutional firearms restrictions, nullification of such acts, as reserved to the States under the 10th Amendment, is the proper remedy.

Budget: Health Care  |  HB2863

HB2863 contains provisions for health care-related budget appropriations for FY 2023, including the expansion of Medicaid eligibility in Arizona.

The House passed HB2863 on June 23, 2022, by a vote of 50 to 9. We have assigned pluses to the nays because it involves substantial amounts of unconstitutional federal funding for health care. States should oppose the use of federal taxpayer money for purposes not authorized under Article 1, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution.

Budget: Health Care  |  HB2863

HB2863 contains provisions for health care-related budget appropriations for FY 2023, including the expansion of Medicaid eligibility in Arizona.

The Senate passed HB2863 on June 23, 2022, by a vote of 20 to 8. We have assigned pluses to the nays because it involves substantial amounts of unconstitutional federal funding for health care. States should oppose the use of federal taxpayer money for purposes not authorized under Article 1, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution.

Abortion Restrictions  |  SB1164

SB1164 prohibits a physician from performing an abortion, except in a “medical emergency,” after 15 weeks of pregnancy.

The House passed SB1164 on March 24, 2022, by a vote of 31 to 26. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because states should act to ban abortion and secure the right to life for all persons. The right to life is the most fundamental God-given and unalienable right asserted in the Declaration of Independence, and is guaranteed by the 5th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

DNA Collection for All Felony Arrests  |  HB2102

HB2102 requires the collection of DNA from a person that is arrested for any felony offense, rather than a person convicted of a felony offense or arrested for a specific felony offense.  

The Senate passed HB2102 on June 8, 2022, by a vote of 20 to 8. We have assigned pluses to the nays because collection of a person’s DNA merely due to an arrest is dangerous and a direct violation of the 4th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

Article V Convention: Term Limits  |  SCR1048

SCR1048 applies to Congress “to call a convention for proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to set term limits for United States representatives and United States senators.”

The Senate failed to pass SCR1048 on February 23, 2022, by a vote of 13 to 15. We have assigned pluses to the nays because term limits conflict with the right of the American people to choose their representatives. Moreover, states should act immediately to nullify all unconstitutional federal laws, rather than risk an Article V or second constitutional convention. Article V of the U.S. Constitution was designed to correct structural deficiencies in the federal government, not the failure of elected officials to uphold their oath of office.

Voter Identification  |  SB1713

SB1713 specifies that early ballot affidavits must require a voter to provide voter information, including the voter’s date of birth and an acceptable form of government-issued identification number.   

The House failed to pass SB1713 on May 26, 2021, by a vote of 29 to 31. We have assigned pluses to the yeas because states should exercise their authority, under Article 1, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, to implement free, fair, and secure elections, guaranteeing equal protection of the right of citizens of the United States to vote.

Oversight of Executive Emergency Powers  |  SCR1003

SCR1003 directs the Governor during a state of emergency to call the Legislature into a special session within 10 days to determine whether to terminate or modify the state of emergency. It also prohibits the Governor from proclaiming a new state of emergency arising out of the same conditions.

The Senate failed to pass SCR1003 on June 30, 2021, by a vote of 13 to 15. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because oversight of executive emergency powers belongs to the legislative branch of government. Each state, under Article IV, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, is guaranteed a republican form of government, which requires a limitation and separation of powers.  

In-State Tuition and Financial Aid for Illegal Aliens  |  SCR1044

SCR1044 uses the power of referendum to make students without lawful immigration status eligible for in-state tuition and financial aid at public colleges and universities in Arizona. It allows voters to approve amending and repealing sections of Arizona law that prohibit non-U.S. citizens from accessing state or local public benefits.

The House passed SCR1044 on May 10, 2021, by a vote of 33 to 27. We have assigned pluses to the nays because this resolution abuses taxpayer funds taken from American citizens to subsidize illegal aliens at government-run institutions of higher education. Moreover, the rights of Arizonans should not be subject to popular votes by statewide ballot measures–or other majoritarian democratic initiatives–that undermine Article IV, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees each state a republican form of government limited to the rule of law.  

Voter Identification  |  SB1713

SB1713 specifies that early ballot affidavits must require a voter to provide voter information, including the voter’s date of birth and an acceptable form of government-issued identification number.   

The Senate passed SB1713 on March 8, 2021, by a vote of 16 to 14. We have assigned pluses to the yeas because states should exercise their authority, under Article 1, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, to implement free, fair, and secure elections, guaranteeing equal protection of the right of citizens of the United States to vote.

In-State Tuition and Financial Aid for Illegal Aliens  |  SCR1044

SCR1044 uses the power of referendum to make students without lawful immigration status eligible for in-state tuition and financial aid at public colleges and universities in Arizona. It allows voters to approve amending and repealing sections of Arizona law that prohibit non-U.S. citizens from accessing state or local public benefits.

The Senate passed SCR1044 on March 4, 2021, by a vote of 17 to 13. We have assigned pluses to the nays because this resolution abuses taxpayer funds taken from American citizens to subsidize illegal aliens at government-run institutions of higher education. Moreover, the rights of Arizonans should not be subject to popular votes by statewide ballot measures–or other majoritarian democratic initiatives–that undermine Article IV, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees each state a republican form of government limited to the rule of law.  

Limiting Enforcement of Federal Firearms Laws  |  HB2111

HB2111 creates the “2nd Amendment Firearm Freedom Act,” prohibiting the state of Arizona from enforcing any federal gun controls that are inconsistent with state law.   

The House passed HB2111 on February 24, 2021, by a vote of 31 to 29. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because the fundamental right of the American people to keep and bear arms should not be infringed, as guaranteed by the 2nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Whenever the federal government assumes unconstitutional firearms restrictions, state nullification of such acts is protected by the 10th Amendment.

Oversight of Executive Emergency Powers  |  SCR1003

SCR1003 directs the Governor during a state of emergency to call the Legislature into a special session within 10 days to determine whether to terminate or modify the state of emergency. It also prohibits the Governor from proclaiming a new state of emergency arising out of the same conditions.

The House passed SCR1003 on June 25, 2021, by a vote of 31 to 25. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because oversight of executive emergency powers belongs to the legislative branch of government. Each state, under Article IV, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution, is guaranteed a republican form of government, which requires a limitation and separation of powers.